Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam

doi:doi:10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam

Published in Science, Technology & Public Policy (Volume 7, Issue 1)

Received: 23 September 2022 Accepted: 13 October 2022 Published: 29 May 2023

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Abstract

The development process in Egypt is faltering as a result of corruption and negligence of the public servant in performance. Therefore, the Civil Service Law issued in 2016 focused on increasing the number of penalties and amending disciplinary rules and procedures. Nevertheless, the performance of the public servant is still weak and neglected. There is no doubt that one of the reasons for this is the weak effectiveness of the discipline system. This study aims to identify these reasons and discuss the procedures for disciplining the public Servants in Egypt and comparing them with similar procedures in some Arab countries namely: (State of Kuwait, Sultanate of Oman, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to identify The similarities and differences between them and a discussion of weaknesses of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study also aims to identify the factors that help improve the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in reducing undesirable behaviors of employees in government institutions in Egypt The study found that the heads of administrative units and supervisors were not given sufficient powers to impose appropriate penalties for the gravity of the job violations. Also, there is an exaggeration in providing guarantees to the employee to reduce the chances of misusing the disciplinary power of the heads and supervisors in government units, and to provide a degree of independence for the employee and not to be subjected to pressure from supervisors in implementing the laws. The civil service law in Egypt and Saudi Arabia stipulated that the judicial authorities intervene in disciplinary measures against employees, which led to a huge waste of time in investigations and trial proceedings, and neglect of the principle of immediate punishment. All of which helped to weaken the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study recommended that it is important to amend the disciplinary system in Egypt to limit the interference of judicial bodies. Also, an organizational climate should be provided that generates employee self-desire to avoid negative behavior.

Published in	Science, Technology & Public Policy (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
Page(s)	26-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Discipline in Government Organizations, Disciplinary System in Egypt, Employee Performance

References

[1]	Aboul Gheit Howayda, The role of public employee discipline systems in improving performance - On improving the performance of the general employee (a comparative study).
[2]	El-Sawaf, M (1988) "Negative Incentives in Governmental Organizations - A Comparative Analytical Study between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and the Arab Republic of Egypt", International Institute for Administrative Sciences, Journal of Administrative Sciences - Issue 2, December 1988, pg. 46.
[3]	El-Sawaf. M, (2018) Negative incentives and the importance of activating them in the state's administrative apparatus, https://kenanaonline.com/users/drelsawaf/topics/178338
[4]	El Sawaf, M (2019) Huge numbers of Public officer in the state administrative apparatus in Egypt are useless http://kenanaonline.com/users/drelsawaf/topics/178338/
[5]	Gerald, Greenberg (2004) and Robert Barron, Organizational Behavior Management, translated by: Rifai Muhammad Rifai, Ismail Ali Bassiouni, (Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh: Dar Al-Marikh Publishing, p. 25.
[6]	Fayol, Henri, Patrons de France (in French), retrieved 2017-08-02, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henri_Fayol, Authority is not to be conceived of apart from responsibility, that is apart from sanction—reward or penalty—which goes with the exercise of power”; in other words, having and exercising authority comes with responsibility and consequences.
[7]	Hopper (2020) Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, ttps://www.thoughtco.com/maslows-hierarchy-of-needs-4582571
[8]	Judith R Gordon (1999) Organizational behaviora diagnostic approach, 6th ed.
[9]	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforcement_theory on 4/2/2023
[10]	Kuwaiti Civil Service System, (1979) Decree No. 15, as amended by Decree No. 235 of 2005.
[11]	McGregor, D. (1960). Theory X and Theory Y. Organization Theory, 358-374.
[12]	Omani Civil Service Law (2007) promulgated by Omani Royal Decree No. 120 of 2004, and amended by Decree 115 of 2007 AD 116.
[13]	Omanic Civil Service Low issued by Royal Decres No. 120 of 2004.
[14]	Shami Saliha (2010) The organizational climate and its impact on organizational performance, a master’s thesis from Amjad Boukir Boumerdes University, Faculty of Economic and Commercial Sciences.
[15]	Saudi Disciplinary System for Public Servants No. 7m issued by - Royal Decree on 1/2/1391 AH.
[16]	Saudi Disciplinary System Article. issued by Royal Decree No 78. M/7 dated 1428 AH.
[17]	UNDP, Sustainable Development Goals Report: Egypt 2030, According to the World Bank measure, in 2016 Egypt ranked 143 out of 209 countries (1 being the least corrupt). In comparison, TI places Egypt as the 108th least corrupt of 176 countries in the index.

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Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. (2023). Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Science, Technology & Public Policy, 7(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Sci. Technol. Public Policy 2023, 7(1), 26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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AMA Style

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Sci Technol Public Policy. 2023;7(1):26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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@article{10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14,
  author = {Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam},
  title = {Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study},
  journal = {Science, Technology & Public Policy},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {26-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.stpp.20230701.14},
  abstract = {The development process in Egypt is faltering as a result of corruption and negligence of the public servant in performance. Therefore, the Civil Service Law issued in 2016 focused on increasing the number of penalties and amending disciplinary rules and procedures. Nevertheless, the performance of the public servant is still weak and neglected. There is no doubt that one of the reasons for this is the weak effectiveness of the discipline system. This study aims to identify these reasons and discuss the procedures for disciplining the public Servants in Egypt and comparing them with similar procedures in some Arab countries namely: (State of Kuwait, Sultanate of Oman, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to identify The similarities and differences between them and a discussion of weaknesses of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study also aims to identify the factors that help improve the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in reducing undesirable behaviors of employees in government institutions in Egypt The study found that the heads of administrative units and supervisors were not given sufficient powers to impose appropriate penalties for the gravity of the job violations. Also, there is an exaggeration in providing guarantees to the employee to reduce the chances of misusing the disciplinary power of the heads and supervisors in government units, and to provide a degree of independence for the employee and not to be subjected to pressure from supervisors in implementing the laws. The civil service law in Egypt and Saudi Arabia stipulated that the judicial authorities intervene in disciplinary measures against employees, which led to a huge waste of time in investigations and trial proceedings, and neglect of the principle of immediate punishment. All of which helped to weaken the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study recommended that it is important to amend the disciplinary system in Egypt to limit the interference of judicial bodies. Also, an organizational climate should be provided that generates employee self-desire to avoid negative behavior.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study
AU  - Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam
Y1  - 2023/05/29
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
T2  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
JF  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
JO  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4621
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
AB  - The development process in Egypt is faltering as a result of corruption and negligence of the public servant in performance. Therefore, the Civil Service Law issued in 2016 focused on increasing the number of penalties and amending disciplinary rules and procedures. Nevertheless, the performance of the public servant is still weak and neglected. There is no doubt that one of the reasons for this is the weak effectiveness of the discipline system. This study aims to identify these reasons and discuss the procedures for disciplining the public Servants in Egypt and comparing them with similar procedures in some Arab countries namely: (State of Kuwait, Sultanate of Oman, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to identify The similarities and differences between them and a discussion of weaknesses of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study also aims to identify the factors that help improve the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in reducing undesirable behaviors of employees in government institutions in Egypt The study found that the heads of administrative units and supervisors were not given sufficient powers to impose appropriate penalties for the gravity of the job violations. Also, there is an exaggeration in providing guarantees to the employee to reduce the chances of misusing the disciplinary power of the heads and supervisors in government units, and to provide a degree of independence for the employee and not to be subjected to pressure from supervisors in implementing the laws. The civil service law in Egypt and Saudi Arabia stipulated that the judicial authorities intervene in disciplinary measures against employees, which led to a huge waste of time in investigations and trial proceedings, and neglect of the principle of immediate punishment. All of which helped to weaken the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study recommended that it is important to amend the disciplinary system in Egypt to limit the interference of judicial bodies. Also, an organizational climate should be provided that generates employee self-desire to avoid negative behavior.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam

Department of Political Science, October Higher Institute of Economics, Cairo, Egypt

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APA Style

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. (2023). Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Science, Technology & Public Policy, 7(1), 26-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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ACS Style

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Sci. Technol. Public Policy 2023, 7(1), 26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

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AMA Style

Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam. Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study. Sci Technol Public Policy. 2023;7(1):26-31. doi: 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14,
  author = {Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam},
  title = {Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study},
  journal = {Science, Technology & Public Policy},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {26-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.stpp.20230701.14},
  abstract = {The development process in Egypt is faltering as a result of corruption and negligence of the public servant in performance. Therefore, the Civil Service Law issued in 2016 focused on increasing the number of penalties and amending disciplinary rules and procedures. Nevertheless, the performance of the public servant is still weak and neglected. There is no doubt that one of the reasons for this is the weak effectiveness of the discipline system. This study aims to identify these reasons and discuss the procedures for disciplining the public Servants in Egypt and comparing them with similar procedures in some Arab countries namely: (State of Kuwait, Sultanate of Oman, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to identify The similarities and differences between them and a discussion of weaknesses of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study also aims to identify the factors that help improve the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in reducing undesirable behaviors of employees in government institutions in Egypt The study found that the heads of administrative units and supervisors were not given sufficient powers to impose appropriate penalties for the gravity of the job violations. Also, there is an exaggeration in providing guarantees to the employee to reduce the chances of misusing the disciplinary power of the heads and supervisors in government units, and to provide a degree of independence for the employee and not to be subjected to pressure from supervisors in implementing the laws. The civil service law in Egypt and Saudi Arabia stipulated that the judicial authorities intervene in disciplinary measures against employees, which led to a huge waste of time in investigations and trial proceedings, and neglect of the principle of immediate punishment. All of which helped to weaken the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study recommended that it is important to amend the disciplinary system in Egypt to limit the interference of judicial bodies. Also, an organizational climate should be provided that generates employee self-desire to avoid negative behavior.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Evaluating the Disciplinary System of Public Servants in Egypt: A Comparative Study
AU  - Tarek Saeid Abdalsalam
Y1  - 2023/05/29
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
DO  - 10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
T2  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
JF  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
JO  - Science, Technology & Public Policy
SP  - 26
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-4621
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.stpp.20230701.14
AB  - The development process in Egypt is faltering as a result of corruption and negligence of the public servant in performance. Therefore, the Civil Service Law issued in 2016 focused on increasing the number of penalties and amending disciplinary rules and procedures. Nevertheless, the performance of the public servant is still weak and neglected. There is no doubt that one of the reasons for this is the weak effectiveness of the discipline system. This study aims to identify these reasons and discuss the procedures for disciplining the public Servants in Egypt and comparing them with similar procedures in some Arab countries namely: (State of Kuwait, Sultanate of Oman, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) to identify The similarities and differences between them and a discussion of weaknesses of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study also aims to identify the factors that help improve the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in reducing undesirable behaviors of employees in government institutions in Egypt The study found that the heads of administrative units and supervisors were not given sufficient powers to impose appropriate penalties for the gravity of the job violations. Also, there is an exaggeration in providing guarantees to the employee to reduce the chances of misusing the disciplinary power of the heads and supervisors in government units, and to provide a degree of independence for the employee and not to be subjected to pressure from supervisors in implementing the laws. The civil service law in Egypt and Saudi Arabia stipulated that the judicial authorities intervene in disciplinary measures against employees, which led to a huge waste of time in investigations and trial proceedings, and neglect of the principle of immediate punishment. All of which helped to weaken the effectiveness of the disciplinary system in Egypt. The study recommended that it is important to amend the disciplinary system in Egypt to limit the interference of judicial bodies. Also, an organizational climate should be provided that generates employee self-desire to avoid negative behavior.
VL  - 7
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download